OUR BIOLOGY TEACHER asked the class whether anyone knew what the word retrovirus meant.

生物老师问班上有没有人知道病毒的意思。

I bet it was Barbara Chen in retrovirus.

肯定酶病毒部门的Barbara Chen。

One kid raised his hand and said, " Retrovirus, or more commonly known as ... disco fever."

“病毒，或者更通俗的说法… … 科狂热。”

HIV, a retrovirus that infects various human cell types, can lead to FSGS and is called HIV-associated nephropathy.

HIV，一种感染人类不同细胞的病毒，可能导致FSGS，称为HIV相关肾病。

HIV is a single-stranded, positive-sense, enveloped RNA retrovirus, meaning that it injects its single strand of RNA into the T-helper cell.

HIV单链、正义、有囊膜的RNA病毒，也就说，病毒会将单链DNA注入辅助T细胞中。

Keywork 1983 Isolation of a T lymphotropic retrovirus from a patient at risk for AIDS.

1983年 从有艾滋病风险的患者中分离出一种T淋巴细胞嗜病毒。

Yes, they noted enrichment of things like human endogenous retroviruses, or HERVs, and specific alternative splicing events in SRCC.

的，他们注意到在SRCC中存在人类内源病毒（HERVs）以及特定的替代剪接事件的富集。

HIV is a retrovirus, meaning it integrates copies of itself into an infected cell's DNA, allowing it to replicate and infect other cells.

艾滋病病毒一种病毒，它能把自身遗传物质整合复制到被感染细胞的DNA中，实现自我复制并感染其他细胞。

Because HIV is a retrovirus, the RNA is transcribed into DNA, represented here by a zipper of two RNA strands transcribing into DNA.

由于艾滋病毒反向病毒，所以RNA被为DNA，在这里以拉鍊代表两条RNA为DNA。

The one thing itdoes do is make it possible for retroviruses, such as the AIDS virus, to slip unnoticed into the human system.

它所做的一件事就使诸如艾滋病病毒的酶病毒神不知鬼不觉地溜进人体系统中。

It is called the porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV), and this virus has the potential to cause a viral epidemic similar to HIV.

它被称为猪内源病毒 (PERV)，这种病毒有可能引起类似于 HIV 的病毒流行。

And it was actually an endogenous retrovirus that integrated into our DNA that allowed that to happen, and it was a mutation.

实际上， 一种内源病毒整合入我们的DNA， 才使得这一变化成为可能，而这正一种突变。

The " retro" part of retrovirus isn't referring to its style, but refers to it needing to use an enzyme called reverse transcriptase to transcribe a complementary double-stranded piece of " proviral" DNA.

病毒“retrovirus”中的“retro”并不指复古风格，而指它需要酶合成前病毒DNA的互补双链。

Scientists wanted to know the structure of a protein-cutting enzyme produced by a retrovirus similar to HIV. They haven't been able to solve the protein structure using standard computational methods.

科学家们很想掌握由反向病毒所衍生的蛋白剪切酶的结构，而反向病毒指，比如HIV这样的病毒。这类蛋白结构不能通过标准算法法则推导就直接得出的。

RNA tests screen for viral RNA, so they also detect the virus directly, and DNA tests look for copies of the viral RNA (since remember it's a retrovirus so it copies its genetic material into DNA).

RNA检测筛查病毒RNA，因此可以直接检测病毒；DNA检测检测病毒RNA的复制产物，因为HIV病毒，它将自身的遗传物质复制到DNA中。