The first responders are signaling proteins, called interferons.

首先起作用的就是信号蛋白，它也被称为干扰素。

And they found that, unlike us—the bats always have interferons on patrol.

而结果他们发现，与我们人类所不同的是，蝙蝠体内的干扰素一直在起作用。

Uninfected cells start secreting interferons alpha and beta, which inhibits viral protein synthesis and protects those cells from getting infected.

未被感染的细胞开始分泌α和β干扰素，阻止蛋白质的，其他细胞免于被感染。

In one study, people were injected with one of three substances: saline, lipopolysaccharide, or interferon — another inflammation inducing substance.

在一项研究中，我们为受试者分别注射三种试剂：生理盐水、脂多糖、以及一种可以诱导症的干扰素。

(and also on cells from monkeys, as a control). They concluded that always-on interferon pathways probably do speed up viral evolution.

（作为对照，也对猴子的细胞行了实验）。他们总结称，永远活跃的干扰素通路可能确实加快了化。

And I'm also gonna watch a sketchy video on interferons.

我还将观看有关干扰素的粗略视频。

Interferons also spread to healthy cells, alerting them to the danger and limiting their replication.

干扰素还会扩散至健康细胞，提醒它们存在的威胁， 并限制其复制。

The drug interferons, not not, yeah.

药物干扰素，不是没有，是的。

There are three main types of interferon, alpha, beta and gamma, with slightly varying roles.

有三种主要的干扰素类型，分别是α、β和γ，它们的作用略有不同。

Your immune cells look for and use  critical transmitters called interferons to mobilize the body against viruses.

你的免疫细胞会寻找并利用一种叫做干扰素的关键信来动员身体对抗。

I wrote about a certain type of interferon response within avian influenza in a certain cell line.

我曾撰写过关于某种细胞系中禽流感的特定干扰素反应的文章。

But Variola is able to deactivate interferons,   which stuns the anti virus side of your defense system.

但天花能够干扰素失效，从而打击你防御系统的抗部分。

Lonely people have unusually low numbers of a type of myeloid cell that generates what are known as interferon responses, which hamper viral replication.

孤独的人他们血液中骨髓细胞的数量异常的低，骨髓细胞可以产生干扰素反应，阻碍复制。

In low doses, however, interferon is still used to treat various cancers, hepatitis, and multiple sclerosis.

然而，在低剂量下，干扰素仍然用于治疗各种癌症、肝和多发性硬化症。

T-cells are later found to produce the gamma form of interferon.

后来发现，T细胞能产生伽马型干扰素。

Other T cells produce chemicals called lymphokines (such as interferons and interleukins) that have a toxic effect upon cells or bacteria.

其他T细胞产生称为淋巴因子的化学物质（如干扰素和白细胞介素），对细胞或细菌有性作用。

Interferons,   as the name suggests, interfere – significantly slowing down virus infections but also quickly  activating millions of anti virus weapons.

干扰素，顾名思义，会干扰——显着减缓感染速度，同时迅速激活数以百万计的抗武器。

Cells infected by viruses release interferons to slow down cell replication, curtailing the progress of the virus and to block future infections.

被感染的细胞会释放干扰素， 以减缓细胞复制，遏制的展， 并阻止未来的感染。

But disrupting SGs also led to an increase in the cell's ability to produce key cytokines, like interferon gamma and TNF alpha.

然而，破坏应激颗粒反而增强了细胞产生关键细胞因子（如伽马干扰素和肿瘤坏死因子阿尔法）的能力。

So, a person's unique blend of interferon genes may end up explaining whether they develop symptoms, and not just because the proteins interact with the virus directly.

因此，一个人独特的干扰素基因融情况可能才会最终决定他是否会出现症状，而不仅仅是因为蛋白质与的直接相互作用。