He and other economists call this clustering agglomeration.

他和其他经济学家称其为集群集聚效应。

To understand how an agglomeration gets going, consider New York City.

要了解集聚效应是如何发展的，请看下纽约。

Cities are where " agglomeration" spurs innovation: a larger population means that more people come together to swap ideas.

城是“集聚效应”刺激创新的地方：人口越多意味着有越多的人聚集在起交流想法。

The population and industries concentrate in larger cities within urban agglomerations.

人口和工业集中在城群内的大城。

These cities are forming an urban agglomeration in the southwest, and industrial transfer has brought new employment opportunities.

这些城正在西南地区形成城群，产业转移带来了新的就业机会。

Economists tend to see agglomeration benefits, which arise from people living and working in the same space, as crucial.

经济学家倾向于认为，人们在间生活和工作所产生的集聚效益至关重要。

Especially the urban agglomeration in Jiangsu Province and market-oriented representative cities like Shenzhen are all what I admire.

尤其是江苏省的城群和像深圳这样场导向型的代表城，都是我所钦佩的。

We are an agglomeration of all of our days and all of our minutes and everything that's happened to us.

我们是我们所有日子、所有时间以及发生在我们身上的切事情的集合体。

Though it resembles an agglomeration of plants, the facility is in fact a highly optimised Verbund (combine) held together by nearly 2,850km of pipes.

尽似于植物群，但该设施实际上是由近 2,850 公里的道连接在起的高度优化的 Verbund（组合）。

I'm not a huge car fan and I'm not a huge road fan but roads and cars are a pretty good way of getting agglomeration.

却有不错的道路系统。 你可以从奥克兰通勤到旧金山， 我完全意交通基础设施极为重要。 但事实上，道路...我并不是特别喜欢汽车或道路， 但道路和汽车确实是实现集聚效应的好方法。 如果你看看法国城学家阿兰·贝托的观点， 他比较了欧洲城与德克萨斯州达拉斯等地的通勤时间， 我们通常认为达拉斯的交通状况如噩梦， 但从达拉斯郊区到个工作地点的点对点行程， 与巴黎或西欧其他城相比， 尽有交通堵塞和拥堵， 使用汽车往往更快， 因为交通站点之间的步行时间大大增加了旅行时间。 所以公共交通很棒， 但我认为我们不应过于自满地认为伦敦拥有非常好的铁路网络或地铁网络， 因此美国面临的问题不适用于我们。

And on the other side of the Pacific, in Peru's Rio Supe, we already see huge agglomerations of people with monumental architecture 4,000 years before the Inca.

在太平洋的另边，在秘鲁的苏佩里奥，我们已经看到巨大的人口聚集地，在印加文明出现之前 4000 年就拥有不朽的建筑。

It is home to two of the largest agglomerations of little penguins and fur seals, and a ground zero for the reintroduction of locally extinct animals.

是两个最大的小企鹅和海狗聚集地的家园，也是重新引入当地灭绝动物的归零地。

You only have to look at the complaints of people who live in Seattle or the Bay Area to see that very serious negative implications of excessive or poorly managed agglomeration.

你只需看看西雅图或湾区居民的抱怨，即可发现过度集聚或理不善所带来的非常严重的负面影响。

Even though you no longer use, much of the time anyway, the water transportation like we used to, they can still shape passive development through agglomeration, right?

即使你不再使用，无论如何，很多时候，像我们以前那样的水运，们仍然可以通过集聚形成被动发展，对吗？

The fragmented ownership and low overhead costs help facilitate economies not of scale, but of agglomeration, with rows of idiosyncratic spaces that feel personal, informal and intimate.

分散的所有权和较低的间接成本有助于促进集聚经济而非规模经济，排排独特的间给人以个人、非正式和亲密的感觉。

I guess that's why I'm in New York is because of the agglomeration that once was driven by the ports and the Erie Canal that no longer is as important.

我想这就是我在纽约的原因，因为曾经由港口和伊利运河驱动的聚集不再那么重要了。

Iceland, which is entirely devoid of alluvial soil, is wholly composed of volcanic tufa, that is to say, an agglomeration of porous rocks and stones.

冰岛完全没有冲积土，完全由火山凝华组成，也就是说，多孔岩石和石头的聚集体。

Even the real estate and land they own are suddenly worth more, all because of the economics of agglomeration and multiplier effects, because the local mayors are actually an equity stakeholder of the entire city.

甚至他们拥有的房地产和土地突然变得更值钱，这都是因为集聚和乘数效应的经济学，因为地方长实际上是整个城的股权利益相关者。

The first indications that this gas was being produced on the abyssal seafloor came in 2013, when researchers noticed that oxygen levels were higher near polymetallic nodules, lumpy agglomerations of metal and minerals found across the ocean floor.

2013年，研究人员注意到在多金属结核附近的氧气水平较高，这些结核是分布在海底的金属和矿物的块状聚集体， 这成为了该气体在深海底生产的首个迹象。

The reason behind this is that the transformation and upgrading of Jiangsu's manufacturing industry is faster, while Guangdong is restricted by factors such as foreign trade, consumption, the real estate market, and the slow speed of industrial agglomeration.

其原因是江苏制造业的转型和升级速度更快，而广东则受到外贸、消费、房地产场以及工业集聚速度缓慢等因素的限制。